The Dataflow Interchange Format: Towards Co-Design of DSP-Oriented Dataflow Models and Transformations

ABSTRACT

This talk provides an overview of the dataflow interchange format (DIF) project at the University of Maryland. DIF is a textual language for specifying mixed-­grain dataflow representations of signal processing applications.

A wide variety of signal processing domains is targeted by the DIF project, including applications for processing signals in the audio, speech, wireless communications, image, and video processing domains. A major theme in the DIF project is facilitating experimentation with interactions between different dataflow modeling techniques and associated transformations that exploit specific properties of these techniques. One way that DIF achieves this is by allowing designers to specify subgraphs of a design in terms of specific dataflow modeling techniques, such as synchronous, cyclo-­static, and parameterized dataflow, through corresponding keywords in the language. DIF also incorporates a new dataflow model of computation called enable-­invoke dataflow, which is geared towards high expressive power, functional simulation, rapid prototyping, quasi-­static scheduling, and efficient refinement into more specialized dataflow models.

 

SHUVRA S. BHATTACHARYYA

is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park. He holds a joint appointment in the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS). He is coauthor or coeditor of six books and the author or coauthor of more than 150 refereed technical articles. His research interests center around architectures, methodologies, software techniques, and tools for design of signal processing systems. He received the B.S. degree from the University of Wisconsin at Madison, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California at Berkeley. He has held industrial positions as a Researcher at the Hitachi America Semiconductor Research Laboratory (San Jose, California), and Compiler Developer at Kuck & Associates (Champaign, Illinois). He has held a visiting research position at the US Army Research Laboratory (Rome, New York). He has served as Chair of the IEEE Signal rocessing Society Technical Committee on Design and Implementation of Signal Processing Systems. He is a Fellow of the IEEE.

 

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Rückblick: “Mobile Networking Solutions for First Responders”

Abstract: Recent large scale disasters have awaken governments at home and abroad to their needs for preparedness to support public safety and performance of cyber-systems assisting first responders (FR). First responders of various agencies are often on the frontline to assist in managing these events to protect lives and property. The effectiveness of their mission is highly dependent on capability of mobile wireless systems available at incident scenes, especially how their mobile infrastructure and devices can assist in real-time FR connectivity and location tracking, and protect against threads and vulnerabilities in an integrated manner.

The talk presents challenges to achieve such integration when taking into account resource limitations in mobile systems, mission-orientation of first responders, and possible threats and safety problems at incident scenes. We will amplify these challenges on two examples: (a) reliable relay placement for FR communication in high-rises, and (b) alert mechanisms if threats are detected. In case of the reliable relay placement, we will examine placement of relays to communicate reliably with base stations via polymorphic networks. In case of alert mechanisms we will discuss solutions such as Mobi-Herald and examine it against resource limitations and possible threats.

We will conclude the talk with a short overview of other research projects that are going on in the Mobile Networking and Operating System (MONET) group at the University of Illinois.

Here are some pictures from Klara’s visit and the slides of the talk.

Short Bio: Klara Nahrstedt is a full professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Computer Science Department. Her research interests are directed toward multimedia systems, quality of service (QoS) management in mobile networks, QoS routing, QoS-aware resource management, Quality of Protection (QoP) in multimedia systems, and real-time security in mission-critical systems. She is the coauthor of widely used multimedia books `Multimedia: Computing, Communications and Applications’ published by Prentice Hall, and ‘Multimedia Systems’ published by Springer Verlag. She is the recipient of the IEEE Communication Society Leonard Abraham Award for Research Achievements, Ralph and Catherine Fisher Professor, IEEE Fellow, University Scholar, Humboldt Fellow, and the Chair of SIG Multimedia. She was the general chair of ACM Multimedia 2006, general chair of ACM NOSSDAV 2007 and the general chair of IEEE Percom 2009. Klara Nahrstedt received her BA in mathematics from Humboldt University, Berlin, in 1984, and M.Sc. degree in numerical analysis from the same university in 1985. In 1995 she received her PhD from the University of Pennsylvania in the Department of Computer and Information Science. She is the member of ACM and IEEE Fellow.

 

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Mobile Networking Solutions for First Responders

Abstract: 
Recent large scale disasters have awaken governments at home and abroad to their needs for preparedness to support public safety and performance of cyber-systems assisting first responders (FR). First responders of various agencies are often on the frontline to assist in managing these events to protect lives and property. The effectiveness of their mission is highly dependent on capability of mobile wireless systems available at incident scenes, especially how their mobile infrastructure and devices can assist in real-time FR connectivity and location tracking, and protect against threads and vulnerabilities in an integrated manner. 
The talk presents challenges to achieve such integration when taking into account resource limitations in mobile systems, mission-orientation of first responders, and possible threats and safety problems at incident scenes. We will amplify these challenges on two examples: (a) reliable relay placement for FR communication in high-rises, and (b) alert mechanisms if threats are detected. In case of the reliable relay placement, we will examine placement of relays to communicate reliably with base stations via polymorphic networks. In case of alert mechanisms we will discuss solutions such as Mobi-Herald and examine it against resource limitations and possible threats.
We will conclude the talk with a short overview of other research projects that are going on in the Mobile Networking and Operating System (MONET) group at the University of Illinois.

Short Bio:
Klara Nahrstedt is a full professor  at  the  University  of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,  Computer Science Department. Her research interests are directed   toward  multimedia  systems, quality of service (QoS) management in mobile networks, QoS routing, QoS-aware resource management, Quality of Protection (QoP) in multimedia systems, and real-time security in mission-critical systems. She is the coauthor of widely used multimedia books `Multimedia: Computing, Communications and Applications‘  published by Prentice Hall, and ‘Multimedia Systems’ published by Springer Verlag. She is the recipient of the IEEE Communication Society Leonard Abraham Award for Research Achievements, Ralph and Catherine Fisher Professor, IEEE Fellow, University Scholar, Humboldt Fellow, and the Chair of SIG Multimedia. She was the general chair of ACM Multimedia 2006, general chair of ACM NOSSDAV 2007 and the general chair of IEEE Percom 2009. Klara Nahrstedt received her BA in mathematics from Humboldt University,  Berlin, in 1984, and M.Sc. degree in numerical analysis from the same university in 1985. In 1995 she received her PhD from the University of Pennsylvania in the Department of Computer and Information Science. She is the member of ACM and IEEE Fellow.

 

 

 

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Introduction to the TH-1A Supercomputer in the Tianjin National Supercomputer Center

Supercomputing has drawn significant attention from the research and industry communities. The reasons are multidimensional, including the advance of computer technology, the merging of large-scale applications, and needs of national defense. However, designing high performance, high efficiency and high security supercomputers has been proven to be a hard task.

In this talk, Prof. Zhang introduces the TH-1A supercomputer, which was developed by the College of Computer Science of NUDT (National University of Defense Technology). The peak speed of TH-1A is 4700 TFLOPS, the LINPACK test result is 2566 TFLOPS, and it was ranked No. 1 on the TOP 500 list released in November 2010. The architecture which integrates GPUs and CPUs for high-performance parallel comp

uting is exploited for the first time in the world. The whole system consists of two major components: hardware system and software system. For the hardware system, the TH-1A team developed 3 large-scale integrated circuit designs, 4 kinds of nodes, 2 networks, and 15 different PCB boards. Accordingly, the operating system, the compiling system, the parallel programming environment, and the scientific virtualization system were developed for the software system. The TH-1A supercomputer has been used in many applications, including oil exploration, high-end equipment development, bio-medical research, 3D animation, cloud computing, and so on.

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Rückblick: "Lazy Thinking"

Am 19. Mai 2011 um 17:00 Uhr hielt Prof. Bruno Buchberger von der Johannes Kepler Universität Linz eine TEWI-Kolloquium zum Thema “Lazy Thinking” an der Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt. Hier noch mal die Kurzfassung zum Vortrag und einige Eindrück aus dem gut gefülltem E.2.42.

Die Methode des “Lazy Thinking” dient zur systematischen Synthese von Algorithmen aus Problemspezifikationen. Die Methode kann sowohl als heuristisch / pädagogisches Werkzeug für den Prozess der Synthese korrekter Algorithmen dienen als auch zur vollständig automatischen Generierung von Algorithmen, wenn für Teilschritte der Methode automatische Beweiser für die entsprechenden Objekttheorien zur Verfügung stehen. Im Vortrag wird die Methode zunächst an einem einfachen Beispiel erläutert und dann gezeigt, dass auch sehr schwierige Algorithmen, wie der Groebner-Basen-Algorithmuszur Behandlung nicht-linearer Systeme, mit der Methode völlig automatisch generiert werden kann. Die Methode ist in dem vom Vortragenden konzipierten Theorema-System implementiert.

Die Folien zum Vortrag wurden uns zur Verfügung gestellt und sind hier abrufbar. Wir konnten auch einige Wortmeldungen einfangen…

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„Buchberger zeigt, wie durch genaue Analyse Beweise und Algorithmen und auch ihre Konstruktionen, d.h die Prozesse zur Erzeugung, Erfindung von Beweisen und Algorithmen zu mathematischen und informatischen Objekten werden, die algorithmischer Behandlung zugänglich sind. Die automationsunterstütze Konstruktion von Algorithmen ist ein faszinierende Ergebnis dieses Ansatzes.“ — Prof. J. Eder

„Prof. Buchberger zeigte in seinem Vortrag sehr eindrucksvoll den auch praktischen Nutzen von formalen Methoden und theoretisch fundiertem Vorgehen. Er erklärte gut verständlich, wie moderne formale Verfahren und leistungsfähige Werkzeuge wie Theorembeweiser für die Entwicklung selbst komplexer Algorithmen eingesetzt werden können. Sogar Buchberger selbst war davon überrascht worden, dass damit so schwierige Algorithmen wie jener zur Berechnung von Gröbner-Basen, der ihn in seiner Dissertation jahrelange Arbeit gekostet und weltberühmt gemacht hatte, hergeleitet werden können. „Völlig automatisch“, wie im Abstract des Vortrags angekündigt, würde ich das Verfahren noch nicht nennen, denn es braucht den formal gebildeten, kreativ denkenden und eingreifenden Experten, um die richtigen Fragen zu stellen und den Prozess zu lenken. Wir sind damit allerdings auf einer Abstraktionsebene angelangt, auf der wir schwierige mathematische Zusammenhänge und informatische Probleme zu einem guten Teil maschinell beweisen bzw. lösen können. Buchberger hielt ein Plädoyer dafür, dass wir damit Probleme angehen und Innovationen auslösen können, die wirtschaftlich relevant sind und unseren Wohlstand sichern können – sein „Lebenswerk“ in Hagenberg belegt dies am besten. Sollten wir nicht damit – mit der Aussicht auf herausfordernde Probleme, spannende Methoden, faszinierende Lösungen und die Wertschöpfung und den gesellschaftlichen Nutzen daraus – wieder mehr junge Menschen für MINT-Fächer begeistern können?“ — Prof. H. Hellwagner

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Mobile Devices and the Semantic Web: Context and Connectivity Change Everything (Also, Fast Alles)

Abstract

For decades now the computer revolution has been driven by trends of increasing CPU speed, digital storage capability, and network connectedness, all at reduced unit costs. The current technology wave is “mobile devices” such as iOS and Android smartphones and tablets. Today’s mobile device is more capable than yesterday’s desktop computer in virtually every way. Key to the success of the current tech trend is the ability to share data intelligently and for our devices to respond sensibly to our context: where we are, what we are doing, what our current needs are, and what we are likely to want or need next. You might be surprised by what your phone “knows” about you and can do for you! In this talk we will explore ways that mobile technology and the growing “Web of Data” are changing how we conduct business, consume entertainment, and use technology to make our lives better in a wide variety of ways. We will review trends both in the mobile marketplace and in the research community, including progress so far and future work that still needs to be done.

Bio

Dr. Stephen W. Liddle is academic director of the Kevin and Debra Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology at Brigham Young University an

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d professor of Information Systems at the Marriott School of Management. Dr. Liddle teaches mobile app development and information systems analysis. Liddle has been a member of BYU’s business school faculty since 1995, after receiving his PhD in Computer Science from BYU. He has been active in the conceptual modeling community for two decades, and currently serves as treasurer of the steering committee for the ER Conference. Liddle’s research interests include conceptual modeling, software engineering environments and tools, data extraction, and e-business. He is particularly interested in mobile application development and applications of conceptual modeling, such as the use of ontologies in data extraction. His work has appeared in journals such as Data and Knowledge Engineering and the Annals of Operations Research, and in respected conferences such as the ER Conference and CIKM, among others. Besides authoring or co-authoring more than 50 refereed academic papers, Liddle is editor of numerous conference and workshop proceedings, and is co-author of the book E-Business: Principles and Strategies for Accountants. Liddle is a member of several advisory boards for tech startups in Utah, and has considerable experience in software development.

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Alternative ways towards optimizing recommender systems

Dieses TEWI-Kolloquium findet im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung Informatik statt.

Empfehlungssysteme (engl. Recommender Systems) dienen zur personalisierten Auswahlunterstützung im E-Commerce. Das Recommendation Problem wird wissenschaftlich meist als Klassifikationsproblem gesehen. Eine Reihe von Untersuchungen zeigen jedoch, dass die Optimierung der Vorhersagegenauigkeit eines Empfehlungssystems auf Basis historischer Kundendaten eine sehr eingeschränkte Sichtweise darste

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Der Vortrag wird daher den Schwerpunkt auf alternative Ansätze im Kontext von Empfehlungssystemen legen, wie beispielsweise dialogorientierte und wissensbasierte Systeme, Erklärungsmechanismen oder die Berücksichtigung von Modellen über das menschliche Entscheidungsverhalten.

Markus Zanker ist assoziierter Professor am Institut für Angewandte Informatik. Seine Forschungsinteressen liegen in den Bereichen wissensbasierte Systeme, Personalisierung und Entscheidungsunterstützung. Er ist Associate Editor des International Journal of Human-Computer Studies und aktuell Mitglied des Programmkommitees einer Vielzahl internationaler Konferenzen wie ACM RecSys, ACM SIGIR, ACM CIKM, IJCAI, ICEC, EC-Web oder IAT.

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Linguistische Aspekte im Lebenszyklus eines Domänenmodells

Dieses TEWI-Kolloquium findet im Rahmen der Ringvorlesung Informatik statt.

Ein Domänenmodell ist ein wichtiges Bindeglied zwischen der Anforderungsanalyse und dem nachfolgenden Entwurf. Es ist das Resultat eines Kommunikations- und Abstimmungsprozesses zwischen den daran beteiligten Personengruppen (Domänenexpert/inn/en, Modellentwickler/innen) und soll für einen bestimmten Zweck die Fachbegriffe der Domänenexpert/inn/en vollständig und konsistent abbilden.

Um einen optimalen Kommunikationsprozess zu gewährleisten, versucht man daher das Domänenmodell für alle Beteiligten verständlich zu erstellen, zu präsentieren und zu vervollständigen. Der Bezug zwischen natürlicher Sprache und Domänenmodell spielt dabei eine besondere Rolle.

Der Vortrag behandelt einige Möglichkeiten der computerunterstützten Verwendung natürlicher Sprache basierend auf linguistischen Verfahren, um eben diesen Bezug herzustellen.

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New approaches to delivering video and web content in a social networking environment

During this presentation, I will give a brief introduction to RMIT University and our research activities in the Multimedia space. I will then consider two, connected research topics: Video Tagging in social networking environments and the Nav!t framework which allows social users to connect web content into tours for sharing and consumption. The presentation will be accompanied by demonstrations and videos of the applications.

Video Tagging in Social Networking environments

Video content both professionally and user generated is now a prime driver of Internet usage and activity. Simultaneously, the Internet has seen the rise of social networking sites and activity. In this work, we bring together video content and social networking to solve the problem of gathering metadata which describes user interaction, usage and opinion of video content. The work explores mechanisms by which implied and explicit semantics can be garnered from users interacting with media within social networks. This leads to the gathering of individual user interaction metadata which is then aggregated to form semantic metadata for a given video. The techniques have been implemented in a custom Flex application which is based around the Facebook API. This provides various mechanisms for the collection and display of descriptions of user interaction with video content. The work is then extended into adaptation, with the aim being to maximize user quality of experience. Approaches for gathering semantics that relate to user preferences when interacting with media content in social networks are proposed. Initial subjective results indicate that the proposed mechanisms can successfully provide information about user and social group media preferences that can be used for adapting multimedia for improved user quality of experience.

Nav!t: a universal approach to generating and sharing web tours

Web pages are everywhere and are used for information, marketing, entertainment and many other uses. However, our ability to record, share and to utilise WWW pages within our own creations is currently limited by browser technology. Recently there has been a distinct shift away from web pages towards applications, most markedly on mobile devices such as iphones and ipads, but recently on notebook and desktop machines. With this in mind, we sought to create a framework, known as Nav!t that would allow web pages to be consumed and then recorded as part of a tour. A tour can consist of any number of web pages and can be edited by a user to include music and comments. Progression through a tour of pages can be based on time but also based on geographic location and other external triggers. Current targeted applications are real-estate, education and entertainment. The Nav!t framework also allows tours to be generated once and then shared across a wide variety of

Since 2008, Ian has been Professor and Head of School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at RMIT University in Melbourne and was previously with the University of Wollongong. His research interests extend from speech and audio compression and processing through to multimedia delivery and perception. Ian was Australian Head of Delegation to MPEG from 2002-2007and from 2004-2007 chaired the Multimedia Description Schemes subgroup at MPEG where he was extensively involved in the standardisation of MPEG-21. He was the editor of the ‚MPEG-21 book‘ which describes the Multimedia Delivery Framework and an editor of several parts of the standard. In the commercial world, Ian was a founder, and the founding CTO until June 2007, of enikos pty ltd, a start-up created to exploit IP generated in the MPEG-21 space. His current research in multimedia focuses on deep tagging of video content, and new approaches to web content on mobile devices while in audio he is working on multizone and walkthrough spatial audio systems.

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